Tubular shafts are hollow shafts that allow the natural bending frequency and the torsional stiffness to be tuned to customer requirements. For most tubular shaft applications a damper is not required. Welded tubular shafts are shafts where the main hollow shaft is welded to the splined solid shaft end. They combine good NVH performance with high strength.
Yaw angle is the angle between a vehicle's heading and its actual direction of travel or course.
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