PPM is a unit of measurement used to quantify the proportion of products that do not meet the quality specifications (i.e. how many parts out of one million are not OK). It can be used to set targets and thereby measure the quality of a product.
This is the amount of axial force required on a joint to plunge it.
A power transfer unit is used in four-wheel vehicles that have primarily been based on front-wheel drive vehicles with transversely mounted engines. The main function of the power transfer unit is to change the direction of power flow to the rear propshaft. The power transfer unit may also contain a centre differential for full-time four-wheel drive and/or a torque management device.
The movement of energy or torque from the engine to the wheels of a vehicle.
Includes additional to the drivetrain the engine.
A propshaft is a longitudinal driveshaft used in vehicles where the engine is situated at the opposite end of the vehicle to the driven wheels (e.g. rear-wheel drive vehicles). The propshaft transfers power produced by the vehicle's engine from the gearbox to the rear axle or front axle. A propshaft is an assembly of one or more tubular shafts connected by universal, constant velocity or flexible joints. The number of tubular pieces and joints depends on the distance between the gearbox and the axle and/or under-body features (e.g. exhaust pipes) that need to be negotiated. On some four-wheel drive vehicles one propshaft is used to power the rear wheels as with rear-wheel drive and a second propshaft is used to power the front wheels. In this case the second propshaft is placed between a transfer gearbox and the front axle.